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Bipolar disorder is an illness that produces dramatic swings in mood (amongst other symptoms).
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A person with bipolar disorder will alternate between periods of mania (elevated mood) and periods of depression (feelings of intense sadness). In between these two extremes, a person will have periods of normal mood. To help gain a better understanding of what it feels like, mania and depression are described below.
Mania
Mania is an extreme feeling of well-being, energy and optimism – you feel on top of the world. These feelings, however, can be so intense that you can lose contact with reality. You may find yourself believing strange things about yourself, making bad judgements and behaving in embarrassing, harmful and sometimes even dangerous ways. Mania can make it difficult or impossible to deal with life in an effective way. A period of mania can, if untreated, destroy your relationships and work.
In an episode of mania, you may feel:
Very happy and excited
Irritated with other people who don’t share your optimistic outlook
Full of energy
Unable or unwilling to sleep
Full of new and exciting ideas
More important than usual
Doctors use the word 'hypomania' to describe less severe manic episodes. Hypomania, needs to be watched, as it can escalate into mania. |
Other people may notice that you are:
Jumping very quickly from one idea to another
Making plans that are grandiose and unrealistic
Very active and moving very quickly
Behaving in a bizarre way
Speaking very quickly - it can be difficult for other people to understand what you are talking about
Making odd decisions on the spur of the moment, sometimes with disastrous consequences
Recklessly spending your money
Less inhibited about your sexual behaviour
When someone is in the middle of a manic episode for the first time they usually do not realise that there is anything wrong. It is often friends, family or colleagues who first notice that there is a problem. Unfortunately the person may object if anyone tries to point this out as they may not believe they need help. This is quite understandable because people experiencing a manic mood swing often feel better than they ever have done before. The trouble is that this wonderful sense of happiness leads you to become increasingly detached from day-to-day reality. Many people report that when they have recovered from one of these episodes they regret the things that they said and did while they were manic.
I had times when I felt terrific, better than I ever had. I felt like I could do anything I set my mind to. My productivity at work soars and I work late into the night. Then all of a sudden, I'm drowning in depression. I can't get up in the morning to go to work and I feel like my life isn't worth living. Treatment has greatly helped me to manage my bipolar disorder. Now I have an agreement with my wife--When I start showing sings of either mania or depression, my wife knows to make me an appointment with our family doctor. |
Depression
Feelings of sadness are something we all experience from time to time. It’s a natural reaction to losses and painful events. With time, these feelings disappear. But for someone with bipolar disorder, a depressive episode can be much more severe. The depression goes on for longer and makes it very difficult to tackle the daily tasks and problems of living. A person experiencing a depressive episode will likely to have the mental and physical symptoms listed below. Not everyone who becomes depressed will have all these symptoms, but they will usually have several of them.
Mental Symptoms:
Feelings of unhappiness that does not go away
Losing interest in things
Being unable to enjoy things
Finding it hard to make even simple decisions
Feeling extremely tired
Feeling restless and agitated
Loss of self-confidence
Feeling useless, inadequate and hopeless
Feeling more irritable than usual
Thinking of suicide
Physical Symptoms:
Loss of appetite and weight
Difficulty in getting to sleep
Waking earlier than usual
Constipation
Loss of interest in sex
Medical help such as medications can greatly aid in managing these “highs and lows†so that a person can live effectively with bipolar disorder. Getting help as early as possible is important for successful management.
If you think you may be experiencing these kinds of symptoms, talk with your family and friends about how you’re feeling and see your family doctor or call your local mental health centre. Treatment works.
For more information and toolkits that can help you to manage your illness, please visit www.heretohelp.bc.ca.
Developed by the Mood Disorders Association of British Columbia. For information on support for people with mood disorders and their families please visit our website www.mdabc.net. Funding for this fact sheet was made possible by the Provincial Health Services Authority.
